The article describes Italy's migratory transition, which has transformed it from a country of emigration into one of the main political actors in the current international migratory scenario; takes stock of the demographic and social impact of immigration, as well as its cultural significance - the transformation of Italy into a multi-ethnic and multi-religious country -; looks at the evolution of the attitudes of Italians towards immigrants; and also tackles some of the irrisolute aspects of the Italian migratory journey, in particular the theme of the
government of immigration and its impact on the labor market.